Do Unused Batteries Lose Power?.
Do Unused Batteries Lose Power? A Comprehensive Guide
Ever noticed how your batteries seem to die even when you haven't used them in a while? That's because even unused batteries lose power over time. This is known as self-discharge.
What is self-discharge?
Self-discharge is the gradual loss of charge from a battery even when it is not in use. It is caused by a number of factors, including the type of battery, the temperature, and the storage conditions.
How much power do unused batteries lose?
The rate of self-discharge varies depending on the type of battery. Primary batteries, such as alkaline and carbon-zinc batteries, have a very low self-discharge rate and can last for several years in storage. Rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion and nickel-cadmium batteries, have a higher self-discharge rate and will lose power more quickly in storage.
The following table shows the approximate self-discharge rate for different types of batteries:
| Battery type | Self-discharge rate per month |
|---|---|
| Alkaline | 2-5% |
| Carbon-zinc | 5-10% |
| Lithium-ion | 1-3% |
| Nickel-cadmium | 10-20% |
Factors that affect self-discharge
The following factors can affect the rate of self-discharge:
- Temperature: Self-discharge increases with temperature. Therefore, it is best to store batteries in a cool, dry place.
- Storage conditions: Batteries that are stored in humid conditions will self-discharge more quickly than batteries that are stored in dry conditions.
- Battery chemistry: Some types of batteries have a higher self-discharge rate than others. For example, nickel-cadmium batteries have a higher self-discharge rate than lithium-ion batteries.
How to extend the shelf life of batteries
There are a few things you can do to extend the shelf life of your batteries:
- Store batteries in a cool, dry place: The ideal storage temperature for batteries is between 50°F and 70°F. Avoid storing batteries in hot or humid environments.
- Keep batteries partially charged: Lithium-ion batteries should be stored at a charge level of 40-60%. Nickel-cadmium batteries should be stored at a charge level of 20-50%.
- Use batteries regularly: The more you use your batteries, the longer they will last. If you have batteries that you don't use very often, it is a good idea to charge them every few months to keep them from losing their charge.
What to do with dead batteries
Once a battery is dead, it is important to dispose of it properly. Batteries should not be thrown in the regular trash. Instead, they should be taken to a battery recycling center or dropped off at a local electronics store.
Conclusion
All batteries lose power over time, even unused batteries. However, there are a few things you can do to extend the shelf life of your batteries and keep them working for longer.